鼻スワブと喉スワブの違い

鼻スワブと喉スワブの違い

The results of the new coronavirus nucleic acid test are an important reference for the diagnosis and efficacy evaluation of the new coronavirus pneumonia. 核酸検査のスクリーニングサンプルは、主に深い咳嗽または喉の綿棒に由来します, 喉のスワブは、鼻咽頭のスワブと口咽頭のスワブに分けられます。 . そう, 2つの違いは何ですか?

The pharynx includes the nasopharynx, 中咽頭, and laryngopharynx. The mucous membranes of the three are continuous and belong to the upper respiratory tract. Nasopharyngeal swabs and oropharyngeal swabs only have different sampling paths. Oral sampling is an oropharyngeal swab, and nasal sampling is a nasopharyngeal swab.

Since the oropharyngeal swab can be operated by opening the mouth, それは比較的簡単です, そのため臨床ではより一般的に使用されています. しかし, the risk of exposure is higher for those who take the oropharyngeal sample. 術者は多くの場合、患者の口と向き合う必要があります。. 収集プロセス中, the patient is prone to symptoms such as irritating dry cough and vomiting, exposing the collector to the virus-carrying aerosol.

Nasopharyngeal swabs have several advantages over oropharyngeal swabs. It is possible to stay in the pharynx for a longer period of time during sampling, in order to obtain a sufficient amount of specimens, これが、文献で報告されている口腔咽頭ぬぐい液の陽性率よりも高い理由です。.

加えて, the patient is well tolerated, usually surface anesthesia and contraction of the nasal mucosa can be performed first, and a skilled sampler can sample the patient without anesthesia.

Since the operator can stand behind the patient when sampling the nasopharynx, the patient pulls down the mask to expose only the nostrils and cover the oral cavity. There is no need to look directly at the patient’s oral cavity, and there is basically no pharyngeal reflex, so the exposure risk is quite lower. Individual patients may have a sneeze reflex after sampling, or they can be immediately covered with elbows or tissues.

咽頭ぬぐい液核酸検査検体の採取が標準化されていない場合, 引き起こす可能性があります “偽陰性” 結果が判明し、患者の治療が遅れる.

そう, what is the key to the collection of throat swab nucleic acid test specimens? According to Deputy Chief Physician Tian Peng, whether collecting nasopharyngeal swabs or oropharyngeal swabs, the depth of collection and the length of contact with mucous membranes are the key. If the nasopharyngeal swab is not collected deep into the nasopharyngeal cavity, the patient’s vomiting response is too large when the oropharyngeal swab is collected and the sampling time is not enough. 現時点では, most of the cells collected are virus-free cells. May cause “偽陰性” 核酸検査.

Some patients “re-yang” after a negative nucleic acid test is sometimes related to inaccurate sampling.