Group B Streptococcus Screening Test: Purpose, Procedure, and Collection Instructions

Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a type of bacteria that naturally lives in the body and commonly colonises the genital and intestinal tracts. Around 30% of pregnant women carry GBS without symptoms. While harmless in most adults, it can, in rare cases, cause life-threatening infections such as blood infections (sepsis) and meningitis in newborns.

To prevent these risks, GBS screening is usually recommended during the third trimester of pregnancy. If you test positive, your healthcare provider can give you prophylactic antibiotics during labour to protect your baby from infection.

When and How is the GBS Screening Done?

The test is typically performed between 35 and 37 weeks of pregnancy. It involves collecting a swab sample from both the vagina and anus to ensure accurate detection. If only one site is tested, GBS presence might be missed, so both are important.

Step-by-Step Guide to Collecting Your GBS Swab Sample

Before You Start:

After checking in and completing paperwork, you’ll receive:

• Disposable gloves

• A sterile swab

• A plastic sterile tube (swab container)

You may choose to self-collect the sample in privacy or have a healthcare professional assist you.

Step 1: Vaginal Swab

• Put on both gloves.

• Find a comfortable position, either lying down or standing.

• Remove the swab from its packaging.

• Holding the plastic end, insert the cotton tip 2 cm into your vagina and then remove it.

Step 2: Rectal Swab

• Using the same swab, insert the cotton tip 1 cm into your anus (back passage).

• Remove the swab carefully.

Step 3: Storage the Sample

• Remove the cap from the sterile tube.

• Place the swab inside and replace the cap securely.

Step 4: Label the Sample

Write the following on the tube label:

• Your full name

• Date of birth

• Collection sites (vagina and anus)

• Date and time of collection

Step 5: Final Steps

• Remove and dispose of the gloves in a rubbish bin.

• Wash your hands thoroughly.

• Place the swab container in the provided transport bag.

• Return it to the collector for processing.

The Importance of Accurate Sample Collection

Following these instructions carefully helps ensure the most accurate test results, allowing your healthcare provider to make the best decisions for protecting your newborn’s health.