بعض الأسئلة الشائعة حول أنابيب أخذ عينات الفيروسات

1. ما فائدة أنبوب أخذ عينات الفيروس?

يتم استخدامه لجمع, نقل وتخزين الانفلونزا, إنفلونزا الطيور, فيروسات التاجية وعينات الفيروسات الأخرى لاستخراجها وتضخيمها لاحقًا.

2. ما الفرق بين محاليل الحفظ المعطلة وغير المعطلة؟?

بعد جمع عينات الفيروس, PCR testing cannot be performed in time at the general sample collection site, so the collected virus swab samples need to be transported. The virus will quickly decompose in vitro and affect subsequent testing. وبالتالي, when storing and transporting, It is necessary to add the virus preservation solution, and for different detection intentions, different virus preservation solutions need to be used. في الوقت الحاضر, it is mainly divided into two types: المعطل وغير المعطل

Inactivated virus preservation solution:

It is mainly a virus lysis type preservation solution modified by nucleic acid extraction and decomposition solution. Effectively prevent the operator from secondary infection, but it also contains inhibitors, which can prevent the virus nucleic acid from being degraded, and then enable subsequent detection by NT-PCR. And it can be stored at room temperature for a relatively long time, saving the cost of virus sample storage and transportation.

Non-inactivated virus preservation solution:

It is mainly a virus-maintaining liquid-type preservation solution that is improved based on the delivery medium. It can maintain the activity of the virus in vitro and the integrity of the antigen and nucleic acid, maintain the protein coat of the virus from being decomposed, والحفاظ على أصالة عينة الفيروس إلى حد كبير. بالإضافة إلى استخراج الحمض النووي والكشف عنه, it can also be used for virus cultivation and isolation.

It can be seen that according to different situations, different types of preservation solutions have their own advantages and disadvantages, but it should be noted that whether it is inactivated or non-inactivated, the virus sampling tube before sampling must be strictly inactivated and sterilized to ensure that the tube is inside. There are no other microorganisms, causing the virus to decompose after sampling or other influences causing false detections.

بعد أخذ العينات المسحة, if you use poor quality collection tools or preservation solutions, it will affect subsequent test results and even cause false positives for misdiagnosis. وبالتالي, it is recommended to use good quality virus preservation solutions.

Medico virus sampling tube：

3. How to collect virus Specimen?

Collection procedures for nasopharyngeal swab and oropharyngeal swab specimen:

جمع مسحة البلعوم الأنفي

1. The patient’s head is tilted back (تقريبًا 70 تعليمات جمع مسحة منتصف الأنف الخاصة بفيروس كوفيد -19) and stays still.

2. Use a swab to estimate the distance from the root of the ear to the nostril.

3. Insert from the nostril straight to the face. The deepening interval should be at least half the length of the earlobe to the tip of the nose. After encountering resistance, you should reach the nasopharynx, stay for a few seconds to absorb secretions (generally 15-30s), and rotate the swab 3 إلى 5 مرات.

4. Rotate gently to take out the swab, and immerse the swab head in a collection tube containing 2 mL of lysis solution or a cell preservation solution containing RNase inhibitor.

5. Break off the sterile swab rod at the top, تجاهل الذيل, screw the cap of the tube tightly and close it with a parafilm.

Oropharyngeal swab collection

1. Ask the patient to gargle with saline or water first.

2. Put the swab in sterile normal saline to moisten it.

3. Focus on the patient to sit down, قم بإمالة رأسه للخلف, open his mouth, and make an “آه” صوت.

4. Fix the tongue with a tongue depressor. The swab skips the root of the tongue to the posterior pharynx, tonsil recesses, and side walls.

5. First use the swab to scrub the bilateral pharyngeal tonsils back and forth at least 3 مرات, and then swallow the posterior wall at least 3 مرات, preferably 3 إلى 5 مرات.

6. Take out the swab to prevent touching the tongue, pituitary, الغشاء المخاطي للفم واللعاب.

7. Immerse the swab head in a preservation solution containing 2 إلى 3 mL of virus. 8. Break off the sterile swab rod near the top, تجاهل الذيل, screw the tube cap tightly and close it with a parafilm.